8. Appendice
Riviste che contengono aggiornamenti sulla validazione dei test psicologici:
– Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata
– European Journal of Psychological Assessment
– Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice
– Professional Psychology Research and Practice
– Psychological Assessment
Banche dati:
– Mental Measurements Yearbook
– PsycInfo
9. Riferimenti bibliografici
Aoki, K. (1980). A fundamental study of projective drawings: Retest reliability.
Japanese Journal of Psychology, 51 (1), 9-17.
Battaglia, R., Lis, A. (1984). Una proposta per una quantificazione del
test di L. Duss. Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata, 172, 35-43.
Beck, M., Bart, L. (1970). Inter-rater and test-retest reliability of a proportionality
measure for the D-A-P. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 30,
89-90.
Bellak, L. Bellak, S. (1957). Manuale del Test di Appercezione per fanciulli
C.A.T. Firenze: Organizzazioni Speciali.
Brown, D.G., Tolor, A. (1957). Human figure drawings as indicators of
sexual identification and inversion. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 7,
199-121.
Bruening, C.C., Wagner, W.G., Johnson, J.T. (1997). Impact of rater knowledge
on sexually abused and non abused girls’ scores on the Draw
A Person: Screening Procedure for Emotional Disturbance (DAP:
SPED). Journal of Personality Assessment, 68 (3), 665-677.
Burns, R.C., Kaufman, S.H. (1970). Kinetic Family Drawings (K-F-D). An introduction
to understanding children through kinetic drawings. New
York: Brunner & Mazel.
Burns, R.C., Kaufman, S.H. (1972). Actions, styles and symbols in Kinetic
Family Drawings (K-F-D): An interpretative manual. New York: Brunner
& Mazel.
Chandler, L.A., Shermis, M.D., Lempert, M.E. (1989). The need-threatanalysis:
A scoring system for the CAT. Psychology in the Schools,
26 (1), 47-54.
Evans, F.J., Schmeidler, D. (1966). Inter-judge reliability of human figure
drawing measures of field dependence. Perceptual and Motor Skills,
22 (2), 630-645.
Hackbarth, S.G., Murphy, H.D., McQuary, J.P. (1991). Identifying sexually
abused children by using kinetic family drawings. Elementary School
Guidance and Counseling, 25 (4), 255-260.
Hammer, E.L. (1959). Critique of Swensen’s Empirical evaluation of human
figure drawings. Journal of Projective Technique, 23, 30-32.
Handler, L., Habenicht, D. (1994). The Kinetic Family Drawing technique:
A review of the literature. Journal of Personality Assessment, 62 (3),
440-464.
Hassell, J., Smith, E.W. (1975). Female homosexuals’ concepts of self,
men, and women. Journal of Personality Assessment, 39 (2), 154-
159.
Heilbrun, K. (1992). The role of psychological testing in forensic assessment.
Law and Human Behavior, 16, 257-272.
Janzen, W.B., Coe, W.C. (1975). Clinical and sign prediction: The Draw-APerson
and female homosexuality. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 31
(4), 757-765.
Johnson, J.H. (1971). Note on the validity of Machover’s indicators of
anxiety. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 33 (1), 126-135.
Kahill, S. (1984). Human figure drawing in adults: An update of the empirical
evidence, 1967-1982. Canadian Psychology, 25 (4), 269-292.
Knoff, H.M. (1993). The utility of Human Figure Drawings in personality
and intellectual assessment: Why ask why? School Psychology Quarterly,
8, 191-196.
Knoff, H.M., Batsche, G.M., Carlyon, W. (1993). Projective techniques and
their utility in child psychotherapy. In T.R. Kratochwill e R.J. Morris (a
P.E.Tressoldi, C. Barilani, L. Pedrabissi
cura di), Handbook of psychotherapy with children and adolescents.
Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum, pp. 9-37.
Koch, K. (1958). Il reattivo dell’albero. Firenze: Organizzazioni Speciali.
Koppitz, E. (1968). Psychological evaluation of children’s human figure
drawings. New York: Grune and Stratton.
Lally, S.J. (2001). Should human figure drawings be admitted into court?.
Journal of Personality Assessment, 76 (1), 135-149.
Lehner, G., Gunderso, E. (1952). Reliability of graphic indices in a projective
test (the Draw a Person Test). Journal of Clinical Psychology, 8,
125-128.
Lis, A. (a cura di) (1998). Tecniche proiettive per l’indagine della personalità.
Bologna: Il Mulino.
Machover, K. (1968). Il disegno della figura umana: un metodo di indagine.
Firenze: Organizzazioni Speciali.
Matto, H.C. (2002). Investigating the validity of the Draw-A-Person: Screening
procedure for emotional disturbance: A measurement validation
study with high-risk youth. Psychological Assessment, 14 (2), 221-
225.
Mazzeschi, C., Lis, A., Calvo, V., Vallone, V., Superchi, E. (2001). Duss
Fairy Tales: Some data from a new evaluation form. Perceptual and
Motor Skills, 93 (3), 806-812.
Mazzeschi, C., Caneva, L., Cesari, E. (1998). Il Children Apperception
Test. In A. Lis (a cura di), Tecniche proiettive per l’indagine della personalità.
Bologna: Il Mulino.
McNeish, T.Y., Naglieri, J.A. (1993). Identification of individuals with serious
emotional disturbances using DAP: SPED. Journal of Special
Education, 27 (1), 115-121.
Naglieri, J.A. (1988). Draw-A-Person: A quantitative scoring system. Manual.
San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
Naglieri, J.A., McNeish, T.J., Bardos, A.N. (1991). Draw a person: Screening
procedure for emotional disturbance. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.
Naglieri, J.A., Pfeiffer, S.I. (1992). Performance of disruptive behavior disordered
and normal samples on the Draw A Person: Screening procedure
for emotional disturbance. Psychological Assessment, 4 (2),
156-159.
Passi Tognazzo, D., Ongaro, F. (1975). Sulla possibilità di applicare collettivamente
e in età adulta il metodo delle favole di Louisa Duss. Bollettino
di Psicologia Applicata, 89-105.
Pedrabissi, L., Santinello, M. (1997). I test psicologici. Bologna: Il Mulino.
Pedrabissi, L., Tressoldi, P.E. (2002a). Test proiettivi. Proiettivi di che?
Psicologia Clinica dello Sviluppo, 6 (2), 301-344.
Pedrabissi, L., Tressoldi, P.E. (2002b). Test proiettivi. Proiettivi di che?
Commento e replica. Psicologia Clinica dello Sviluppo, 6 (3), 525-528.
Rae, G., Hyland, P. (2001). Generalisability and classical test theory analyses
of Koppitz’s Scoring System for human figure drawings. British
Journal of Educational Psychology, 71 (3), 369-382.
Roback, H.B. (1968). Human figure drawings: Their utility in the clinical
psychologist’s armamentarium for personality assessment. Psychological
Bulletin, 70 (1), 1-19.
Roback, H.B., Langevin, R., Zajac, Y. (1974). Sex of free choice figure
drawings by homosexual and heterosexual subjects. Journal of Personality
Assessment, 38 (2), 154-155.
Rothney, H.R., Heiman, G. (1953). Development and applications of
projective tests of personality. Review of Educational Research, 23
(1), 70-84.
Schachter, L.S. (1999). Developing and testing a computer assisted scoring
method for the Childrens’ Apperception Test. Dissertation Abstract,
6 (2-a).
Schaefer, W. (1975). The relationship between self-concept and the Draw
a Person Test. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 31 (1), 135-136.
Schofield, J.W. (1978). An exploratory study of the Draw a Person Test
as a measure of racial identity. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 46, 311-
321.
Schroth, M.L. (1977). The uses of the associative elaboration and integration
scales for evaluating CAT protocols. Journal of Psychology,
97 (1), 29-35.
Siegel, L. (1963). Test reviews. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 10 (3),
307-308.
Smorti, A. (1985). Validità di criterio e attendibilità nel Draw A Person
Test. Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata, 173, 35-42.
Stawar, T.L., Stawar, D.E. (1989). Kinetic Family Drawings and MMPI diagnostic
indicators in adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Psychological
Reports, 65 (1), 143-146.
Stora, M. (1955). Etude de personnalité et de psychologie différentielle à
l’aide du test d’arbre. Enfance, 485-508.
Swensen, C.H. (1968). Empirical evaluations of human figure drawings:
1957-1966. Psychological Bulletin, 70 (1), 20-44.
Tambelli, R., Zavattini, G.C., Mossi, P. (1995). Il senso della famiglia.
Roma: La Nuova Italia Scientifica.
Tambelli, R., Zavattini, G.C. (1998). Il test «disegno della famiglia». In A.
Lis (a cura di), Tecniche proiettive per l’indagine della personalità. Bologna.
Il Mulino.
Thomas, G.V., Jolley, R.P. (1998). Drawing conclusions: A re-examination
of empirical and conceptual basis for psychological evaluation of children
from their drawings. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 37,
127-139.
Trevisan, M.S. (1996). Review of the Draw a Person: Screening procedure
for emotional disturbance. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling
and Development, 28 (4), 225-228.
Veltman, M.W.,Brown, K.D. (2002). The assessment of drawings from
children who have been maltreated: A systematic review. Child Abuse
Review, 11 (1), 19-37.
28
P.E.Tressoldi, C. Barilani, L. Pedrabissi
Venuti, P. (1998). Altri metodi proiettivi. In A. Lis (a cura di), Tecniche
proiettive per l’indagine della personalità. Bologna. Il Mulino.
Von Ornsteiner, J.B. (2000). The validity of selected Draw-a-Person Test
classifying criteria among homosexual and non-homosexual males.
Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social
Sciences, 60 (12-A), 33-43.
Walton, D. (1959). Children’s Apperception Test. An investigation of its validity
as a test of neuroticism. Journal of Mental Science, 105, 359-
370.
Wrightson, L., Saklofske, D.H. (2000). Validity and reliability of the Draw A
Person: Screening procedure for emotional disturbance with adolescent
students. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 16 (1), 95-
102.
The Psychometric quality of projective tecniques for children and adolescents in Italy
Summary.
In this paper we review the psychometric characteristics of some of the most
used projective techniques for children and adolescents, the Draw a Human Figure, the Draw a
Family, the Children Apperception Test, the Duss tales and the Draw a Tree. Our aim is to offer the
users of these techniques for clinical or forensic purposes, the state of art of their reliability, validity
and standardization scores. Even considering what emerge from the international literature, if
for some techniques like, the Draw a Human Figure, the Draw a Family and the Duss tales, is possible
to obtain adequate interjudges reliability coefficients, there are still insufficient data related to
test-retest reliability and validity in general and discriminant and predictive validity in particular. Furthermore,
all techniques lack of adequate Italian standardisation norms to permit a normative use.
The quality of the psychometric characteristics of the data of these projective techniques available
at the moment, suggests not to adopt them for a nomotetic use, letting the possibility open for an
idiographic use.
Home
- Articoli sulla Psicologia Giuridica
Lo stato preoccupante delle tecniche proiettive per l'età evolutiva in Italia
di Patrizio E. Tressoldi, Claudia Barilani e Luigi Pedrabissi
pag. 15 di 15
<< prec Fine articolo